Biosimilars: The game-changer in arthritis treatmentOctober 8, 2025
Biosimilars, introduced in the late 2000s, are highly similar versions of originator biologics that become available after patent expiration.
 The "Breaking Barriers in Arthritis Treatment" media roundtable brought together key experts, including (from left) Carlos Patarrana, Country Head of Sandoz (Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei); Associate Professor Dr Fariz Yahya; Dr Abdul Mueed Khan; and moderator Dr Menaga Subramaniam, Medical Manager, Sandoz (Malaysia & Singapore).
Approximately 7 million Malaysians are living with some form of arthritis, with osteoarthritis affecting 1 in 5 adults and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) impacting hundreds of thousands more. Alarmingly, many remain undiagnosed as they suffer in silence, with only 20% of people with chronic musculoskeletal symptoms seeking care and just 50% of RA patients pursuing treatment within a year of symptom onset. The economic burden is substantial, with RM163 million spent annually on RA treatment alone.
These figures were revealed during a roundtable discussion 'Breaking Barriers in Arthritis Treatment' organized by Sandoz in partnership with Arthritis Foundation Malaysia, featuring Associate Professor Dr Fariz Yahya, Consultant Rheumatologist at University Malaya Medical Centre and President of Arthritis Foundation Malaysia. Beyond age-related wear and tear "Arthritis isn't just about aging and wear and tear," Dr Fariz explained. "Many suffer from autoimmune-related conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or psoriatic arthritis, which can affect mobility, independence, finances, and emotional well-being." One of the biggest challenges in arthritis treatment is that joint pain is often invisible. "Even when swelling resolves, the pain may persist. These conditions can affect not just hands, feet, and knees, but also the spine, making them invisible conditions that are difficult for others to recognize," Dr Fariz noted. Evolution of arthritis treatment The treatment landscape has evolved significantly over the past two decades. "Rheumatologists were among the first specialists to use biologic treatments 20 years ago, which transformed how we manage arthritis by preventing disability and deformity," Dr Fariz said. "Now, with the availability of biosimilars, these treatments have become more affordable and accessible to patients who need them." Understanding biologics Biologics, first launched in the early 1990s, are complex compounds made from living cells that work by calming the immune system to reduce pain, stiffness, and other symptoms. Unlike conventional drugs, they must be injected or administered intravenously as they would be broken down by digestion. The rise of biosimilars Biosimilars, which entered the market in the late 2000s, are highly similar versions of originator biologics that become available after patents expire. Malaysia has over 15 years of experience with biosimilars, with more than 10 currently available in the country. Dr Abdul Mueed Khan, Sandoz Asia Cluster Medical Lead, highlighted Malaysia's progressive stance: "The Ministry of Health Malaysia established a solid biosimilar policy in 2008, making Malaysia one of the earliest in ASEAN to adopt such a framework. What we need now is greater alignment across the healthcare system, from procurement to regulation, to fully realize the benefits of biosimilars." Ensuring safety and efficacy Addressing concerns about switching from originator biologics to biosimilars, Dr Mueed emphasized that biosimilars undergo stringent regulatory review processes to ensure they match reference biologics in structure, efficacy, safety, and quality. "Over 170 studies worldwide have confirmed that switching to biosimilars provides similar efficacy and safety with no major changes observed," he stated. Despite these advancements, access remains a significant challenge in Malaysia, with only 0.21% of people having access to biologics. International experience shows that widespread biosimilar adoption consistently drives down costs and improves access to treatments. Economic impact of biosimilar adoption A review by the National Heart Institute estimated potential savings of almost RM130 million if biosimilar adoption were scaled up. "The cost of arthritis in Malaysia extends beyond hospital bills to include loss of productivity, early retirement, and diminished quality of life," Dr Mueed explained. "With RM160 million spent annually on rheumatoid arthritis alone, biosimilars can help reduce costs and free up funds for the healthcare system to do more with less." Patient treatment pathways For patients wondering about treatment options, not everyone with arthritis needs biologic therapy. Those who might benefit should consult their doctors, who may refer them to rheumatologists in general or public hospitals to determine if early treatment with biologics or biosimilars is appropriate. Managing side effects Side effects vary depending on individual conditions and comorbidities but are generally uncommon. Mild effects like runny nose or sore throat may occur in the first month but typically disappear. Since people with autoimmune diseases already have a higher risk of infection, regular follow-up care is essential for monitoring potential side effects. |
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