Tooth troubles: How acidic foods and age team up on enamel 

November 10, 2021

While not all acidic foods are villains, moderation is key.

​​​​Tooth erosion can sound scary, but it’s really just a fancy way of saying that certain parts of your teeth are quietly wearing away over time. Thanks to acidic foods, aging, and even some unexpected factors, those pearly whites might need a little extra attention to stay strong and shiny.

Acidic foods and tooth erosion: The hidden link
The connection between acidic foods and tooth erosion might seem obvious, but did you know that certain digestive issues can make it worse? Dr Maria Angela G Gonzales, a senior lecturer at the University of Malaya’s Faculty of Dentistry, highlights how malabsorption in the small intestine may prevent teeth from getting the nutrients they need. That could mean more erosion, especially if the teeth aren’t developing as they should.

When age and acid attack together
As we get older, tooth erosion risk increases. For young people who struggle with bulimia or anorexia, the issue can worsen as stomach acids reach the teeth due to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or other factors. The acidic environment created by GERD can erode the protective enamel and expose the softer dentine layer, making teeth extra sensitive and susceptible to wear. But don't worry, GERD isn’t common in younger folks unless diet plays a role!

Why tooth enamel isn't indestructible
Dr Gonzales explains that enamel—the hard outer surface of the tooth—starts to dissolve at a pH level of around 5.5, whereas dentine, the softer layer underneath, is even more vulnerable, dissolving at a pH of 6.8. In our younger years, gums (gingival tissue) provide a barrier, but as we age, this protective layer can start to recede, exposing the sensitive dentine. For adults with gum recession, even a breeze of cold air can make a simple sip of water feel like dental torture.

Erosion vs. abrasion: Brushing’s double-edged sword
Enjoying acidic foods? No problem, just don’t reach for that toothbrush right away! Acidic food can soften enamel, and brushing too soon can lead to both erosion and abrasion. The wrong brushing technique might actually be doing more harm than good. Think of it like sanding down a soft surface – maybe time to go easy on that pressure?

Acid/alkaline food list: What’s on the menu?
Want to protect your teeth from erosion? You might want to swap out some acidic snacks for more tooth-friendly foods. Here’s a quick guide:

• Mildly alkaline: Artichokes, Brussels sprouts, carrots, coconut, lentils, almond milk
• Moderately alkaline: Avocado, cabbage, ginger, lettuce, lemon, quinoa
• Highly alkaline: Kale, spinach, parsley, sprouts, pH 9.5 alkaline water

The usual acidic suspects
On the flip side, here are the foods that might leave your teeth feeling the burn:

• Highly acidic: Coffee, alcohol, jam, vinegar, beef, pork, dairy, dried fruit
• Moderately acidic: Apple, orange, pineapple, brown rice, whole-wheat bread

​While not all acidic foods are villains, moderation is key. Follow the 80/20 rule: 80% alkaline, 20% acidic, and your teeth should thank you.

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